Ipratop(Ipratropium)
Therapeutic Group: Respiratory
Presentation
Ipratop 0.25 Nebuliser Solution: Each 1 ml solution contains Ipratropium Bromide BP 0.25 mg.
Description
Ipratropium Bromide is a quaternary ammonium compound with anticholinergic properties. It appears to inhibit vagal reflexes by antagonising the action of acetylcholine (the transmitter agent released from the vagus nerve). Anticholinergics prevent the increase in intracellular concentration of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP) caused by interaction of acetylcholine with the muscarinic receptor on bronchial smooth muscle.
Indications
Ipratop Nebuliser Solution is indicated as a bronchodilator for maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Dosage & Administration
Children over 3 years: The usual dose is 0.4-2.0 ml Ipratropium Bromide Solution (100-500 micrograms) up to three times daily.
Adults (including elderly and adolescents) over 12 years of age: The usual dose is 0.4-2.0 ml Ipratropium Bromide Solution (100-500 micrograms) up to four times daily.
Side Effects
Allergic-type reactions such as skin rash, angio-oedema of the tongue, lips and face, urticaria (including giant urticaria), laryngospasm and anaphylactic reactions have been reported, with positive rechallenge in some cases.
Precautions
Ipratropium Bromide should be used with caution in patients predisposed to narrow-angle glaucoma, or with prostatic hyperplasia or bladder-neck obstruction.
Use in Pregnancy & Lactation
The safety of Ipratropium Bromide during human pregnancy has not been established. The benefits of using Ipratropium Bromide during a confirmed or suspected pregnancy must be weighed against possible hazards to the unborn child. It is not known whether Ipratropium Bromide is excreted into breast milk.
Drug Interaction
The risk of acute glaucoma in patients with a history of narrow-angle glaucoma may be increased when nebulised ipratropium bromide and beta2-agonists are administered simultaneously
Over Dose
Palpitation and increases in heart rate have been produced with inhaled doses of 5 mg. Severe overdose is characterized by atropine-like symptoms like tachycardia, tachypnea, high fever and central effects like restlessness, confusion and hallucinations.
Storage
Do not store above 30°C. Keep away from light and out of the reach of children.
Commercial Pack
Ipratop 0.25 Nebuliser Solution: Each box contains 2 blister strips of 5 ampoules.